英语翻译Organizational Change & Development §18.1 Forces of Chan

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英语翻译

Organizational Change & Development

§18.1 Forces of Change

Specific factors acting as stimulants for change

Dynamic & Changing environment

• Technology:IT automation,TQM program,BPR

• nature of the work force :more cultural diversity,increase in professions,many new entrants with inadequate skills

• economic shocks :security market crashes,interest rate fluctuations,foreign currency fluctuations

• competition:global competitions,mergers & considerations,growth of specialty retailers

• social trend s:increase in college attendance & divorce rate,delayed marriages by young peoples

• world politics

2.Managing Planned Change

• Change:making things different.

• Planned Change：change activities that are intentional & goal-oriented.Accidental occurrence; proactive & purposeful

• the goals :improve the ability of - to adapt to changes in its environment; change -- behavior

• order of magnitude:1st-order:linear & continuous,no fundamental shift; 2nd-order:multidimensional,multilevel,discontinuous,& radical

• Change agents:persons acting as catalysts & assume the responsibility for managing

3.What can change agents change?

• Structure:alter 1 or more of the key elements in --,major modifications in

• technology:most of early studies dealt with efforts aimed at technological change.introduction of new equipment,tools,methods;automation;computerization

• physical setting:consider work demands,formal interaction requirement & social needs when m- d.About space configurations,interior design,equip placement

• people:changing the attitudes & behaviors of --.od

4.Resistance to change

• Individual:habit,security,economic factors,fear of the unknown,selective information process

• organization:structural inertia,limited focus of change,group inertia,threat to expertise,threat to established power relationships,(R-A)

• overcoming:education & communication,participation,facilitation & support,negotiation,manipulation & cooperation,coersion

• the politics of change:threaten the status quo; power,stakeholder,impetus--new comer

优质解答：

Organizational Change & Development

组织变动和发展

§18.1 Forces of Change

（产生）变动的动力

Specific factors acting as stimulants for change

变动的特殊因素

Dynamic & Changing environment

动态的和不断改变的环境

• Technology:IT automation,TQM program,BPR

科技：IT 自动化,全面质量管理体系,企业流程再造

• nature of the work force :more cultural diversity,increase in professions,many new entrants with inadequate skills

劳动力的性质：更丰富的文化多样性,职业/同行的增加,大量不熟练的新进员工

• economic shocks :security market crashes,interest rate fluctuations,foreign currency fluctuations

经济震动/打击：证券市场崩溃,利率浮动,外汇浮动

• competition:global competitions,mergers & considerations,growth of specialty retailers

竞争：全球竞争,并购与considerations（?你确定是这个词）,专业零售商的增加

• social trend s:increase in college attendance & divorce rate,delayed marriages by young peoples

社会潮流：受大学教育比率和离婚率上升,年轻人晚婚

• world politics

世界政治

2.Managing Planned Change

2.管理已规划的变动

• Change:making things different.

变动：使事情不同

• Planned Change：change activities that are intentional & goal-oriented.Accidental occurrence; proactive & purposeful

已规划的变动：有意识有目标的变动.意外发生；主动的,有目的的.

• the goals :improve the ability of - to adapt to changes in its environment; change -- behavior

目标:提高 - 在它的环境中适应变化的能力；改变 -- 行为.

• order of magnitude:1st-order:linear & continuous,no fundamental shift; 2nd-order:multidimensional,multilevel,discontinuous,& radical

数量级：第一级：线性的,持续的,无根本变动；第二级：多方面,多层次,不连续的,根本上的.

• Change agents:persons acting as catalysts & assume the responsibility for managing

变更经理人：作为催化剂,并评估管理职责的人员

3.What can change agents change?

3.变更经理人能改变什么?

• Structure:alter 1 or more of the key elements in --,major modifications in

结构：改变一个或多个--中的关键因素,在.中的深度变革

• technology:most of early studies dealt with efforts aimed at technological change.introduction of new equipment,tools,methods;automation;computerization

科技：许多早期研究都是关于为技术改变所做的努力.新的设备,工具,方法的引进；自动化；计算机化

• physical setting:consider work demands,formal interaction requirement & social needs when m- d.About space configurations,interior design,equip placement

实体设定（不确定是不是这么翻）：考虑工作需要,正式交流要求和社会需求当m-d.关于空间构形,内部设计,设备布局.

• people:changing the attitudes & behaviors of --.od

人：改变--.od的态度和行为

4.Resistance to change

4.对变更的抗拒

• Individual:habit,security,economic factors,fear of the unknown,selective information process

个人：习惯,安全,经济因素,对未知的担心,可选择的信息通道/过程（?不知道怎么翻合适）

• organization:structural inertia,limited focus of change,group inertia,threat to expertise,threat to established power relationships,(R-A)

组织：结构惯性,对变更的有限关注,团队惯性,对专业的威胁,对已有权力关系的威胁,(R-A)

• overcoming:education & communication,participation,facilitation & support,negotiation,manipulation & cooperation,coersion

克服：教育和交流,参与,便利和支持,谈判,操控与合作,coersion（疑为错词）

• the politics of change:threaten the status quo; power,stakeholder,impetus--new comer

变更的政治因素/阻力：威胁现状；权力,股权,促进--新来者

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